These questions have been created by the Department of Pharmacology, UMKC School of Medicine. The use I suggest is to review your knowledge of the subject for USMLE or other pharma test. Did you find them useful? Too hard ? Too easy? Use the comment form to comment what did you think of them!
Item Number: 1684 correct answer: 5 category: Analgesics
1. A child has ingested an unknown substance and has evidence of
respiratory depression. This symptom is usually found with poisoning
due to:
1. amphetamines
2. atropine
3. mushrooms
4. kerosene
5. opioidsItem Number: 2534 correct answer: 3 category: Analgesics
2. The use of methadone in the treatment of heroin addiction continues
to be controversial. It would therefore be advantageous to find a substance
with the beneficial effects of methadone, but without its undesirable
characteristics. The correct statement is that:
1. methadone is not physically addicting and therefore very useful in
treating heroin addicts
2. the withdrawal syndrome of methadone is of shorter duration than that of
heroin
3. propoxyphene may successfully suppress the withdrawal syndrome in
heroin-addicted individuals
4. although propoxyphene does block heroin withdrawal, it itself is not
physically addicting
5. propoxyphene may be successfully substituted for heroin in the addicted
individual and abruptly discontinued after three to four weeks without
signs of an abstinence syndromeItem Number: 2799 correct answer: 3 category: Analgesics
3. Chronic renal damage resulting from the ingestion of analgesics has
been suggested. The FALSE statement is:
1. phenacetin has been implicated
2. salicylates have been implicated
3. meperidine has been implicated
4. acetaminophen is a metabolite of phenacetin
5. combinations may be more harmfulItem Number: 3460 correct answer: 4 category: Analgesics
4. A 20-month old infant is brought to the emergency room with fever,
vomiting, stupor, and hyperpnea of 12 hours’ duration. His leukocyte count
is 6,000/cu mm. The chest roentgenogram is clear. Urinalysis shows albuminuria,
a positive test for reducing substance, and acetonuria. Ferric chloride added
to the boiled acidified urine shows a persistent purple color. The most likely
diagnosis is:
1. acute glomerulonephritis
2. diabetic acidosis
3. acute bacterial meningitis
4. salicylate poisoning
5. phenothiazine poisoningItem Number: 3870 correct answer: 5 category: Analgesics
5. The gastric mucosa has the important ability to prevent movement of gastric
acid from the stomach lumen into the gastric wall. Some diseases and drug
regiments have been implicated as causes of increased gastric mucosal
permeability to hydrogen ion. Drugs which may increase gastric wall permeability
include:
1. erythromycin
2. indomethacin
3. nitrofurantoin
4. aspirin
5. 2,4Item Number: 3871 correct answer: 4 category: Analgesics
6. In normal patients, the so-called gastric mucosa barrier protects the
mucosal lining from back diffusion of hydrogen ions and subsequent destruction.
In some patients even small changes in the gastric barrier allows back diffusion
of significant hydrogen ion and subsequent destructive action. Which of the
following pharmacologic agents have been implicated as causes of gastric
barrier breakdown?
1. caffeine
2. ethanol
3. aspirin
4. 2,3
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 3907 correct answer: 5 category: Analgesics
7. Patients with normal platelet counts and normal bleeding time may
still bleed severely as a result of aspirin ingestion prior to a dental or
surgical procedure. The aspirin interference with normal platelet function may
last as long as:
1. 4 hours
2. 12 hours
3. 2 days
4. 5 days
5. 7 daysItem Number: 4099 correct answer: 3 category: Analgesics
8. The appropriate antidote in the treatment of pentazocine overdosage is:
1. nalorphine
2. levallorphan
3. naloxone
4. Any of the above
5. None of the aboveItem Number: 4587 correct answer: 4 category: Analgesics
9. Acute hemorrhagic gastritis is one of the most frequent causes of severe
upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It is frequently related to recent ingestion of
ethanol and/or aspirin and may be life-threatening. Bleeding secondary to aspirin
is mainly due to:
1. inhibition of gastric prostaglandin synthesis
2. decreased renal excretion of the salicylate with attendant longer half-
life in serum
3. back diffusion of hydrogen ions across the gastric mucosa
4. 1,3
5. None of the aboveItem Number: 4639 correct answer: 3 category: Analgesics
10. Many stimuli may cause vomiting. The chemoreceptor trigger zone of the
central nervous system is:
1. located in the cerebral cortex
2. stimulated in all forms of vomiting
3. stimulated by morphine and its congeners
4. All of the above
5. 1,3Item Number: 5275 correct answer: 1 category: Analgesics
11. A pharmacologic agent which has the potential to cause increased
biliary tree pressure is:
1. morphine
2. warfarin
3. phenytoin
4. acetazolamide
5. carbon tetrachlorideItem Number: 6260 correct answer: 4 category: Analgesics
12. Many commonly utilized medications are subject to abuse. Normally nontoxic
medications, if ingested in excessive amounts, may cause end-organ damage.
Analgesic nephropathy has been associated with:
1. prolonged abuse of phenacetin
2. prolonged abuse of phenacetin-aspirin combinations
3. acetaminophen derived from phenacetin
4. All of the above
5. 1,3Item Number: 6765 correct answer: 4 category: Analgesics
13. All of the following statements regarding acetaminophen toxicity are
true EXCEPT:
1. acetaminophen is the principal metabolic product of phenacetin
2. an overdose of 10 grams or more may produce hepatic necrosis in adults
3. acetaminophen overdose may produce transient azotemia or renal failure
4. forced diuresis may be a useful form of therapy for acetaminophen overdose
5. liver pathology is centrilobular and midzonal necrosisItem Number: 9774 correct answer: 1 category: Analgesics
14. Opioid analgesics are sometimes associated with the production of
pulmonary disease. The most common pulmonary complication after oral ingestion is:
1. pulmonary edema
2. interstitial fibrosis
3. pulmonary calcification
4. bronchoconstriction
5. pleural effusionItem Number: 6707 correct answer: 1 category: Analgesics
15. Characteristically observed in individuals following acute overdose of
opioids.
A. pinpoint pupils
B. depressed respiration
C. coma
D. convulsions
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 6708 correct answer: 2 category: Analgesics
16. TRUE statement concerning the actions of opioids on the secretion of pituitary
hormones.
A. suppress the secretion of luteinizing hormone and thyrotropin
B. reduce the release of prolactin
C. act as a stimulus for ADH secretion
D. inhibit the secretion of ACTH
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 6728 correct answer: 4 category: Analgesics
17. The duration of analgesia is one important characteristic which differentiates
one opioid from another. Which opioid possesses the shortest duration of
analgesia?
1. morphine
2. hydromorphone
3. codeine
4. meperidine
5. methadoneItem Number: 6733 correct answer: 5 category: Analgesics
18. Which of the following possess(es) some antagonist activity at opioid
receptors?
A. naloxone
B. pentazocine
C. butorphanol
D. nalorphine
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 6740 correct answer: 1 category: Analgesics
19. TRUE statements concerning the pharmacologic properties of salicylates
include:
A. high dose aspirin therapy can lower the serum urate concentration
B. aspirin is metabolized by a combination of 1st and zero order
kinetics
C. aspirin exerts its actions primarily by inhibition of
cyclooxygenase
D. aspirin overdose causes significant hepatic toxicity if ingested
in sufficient quantities
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 6754 correct answer: 2 category: Analgesics
20. The opioid expected to have the shortest duration of action following
subcutaneous administration of equianalgesic doses:
1. hydromorphone
2. meperidine
3. methadone
4. morphine
5. codeineItem Number: 6756 correct answer: 2 category: Analgesics
21. A patient you follow in clinic has a well-known heroin abuse problem. Drugs
which could potentially prevent an abstinence withdrawal syndrome during
hospitalization include:
A. morphine
B. nalbuphine
C. methadone
D. butorphanol
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 6760 correct answer: 1 category: Analgesics
22. TRUE statement concerning the pharmacologic effects of salicylates include:
A. salicylates are thought to exert their activity at least partially
by inhibiting prostaglandin synthetase
B. high-dose salicylate therapy (> 5 grams/day) lowers the serum uric
acid concentration
C. the effect of salicylates upon platelet aggregation is
irreversible unlike that of other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs
D. salicylate overdose is potentially fatal; however, prompt
administration of acetylcysteine will avert this danger
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 6990 correct answer: 5 category: Analgesics
23. The analgesic most apt to produce dysphoria:
1. morphine
2. meperidine
3. methadone
4. codeine
5. pentazocineItem Number: 6998 correct answer: 1 category: Analgesics
24. Morphine’s affects the eye by:
1. producing miosis through an action on the oculomotor nerve
2. producing mydriasis through an action on the sympathetic system
3. decreasing pupillary responses to light
4. directly acting on the smooth muscles of the iris
5. directly acting on extrinsic muscles of the eyeItem Number: 7004 correct answer: 3 category: Analgesics
25. Aspirin is a nonopioid analgesic which is thought to work by inhibiting:
A. prostaglandin reductase
B. prostaglandin synthetase
C. thromboxane synthetase
D. cyclooxygenase
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 7006 correct answer: 3 category: Analgesics
26. Aspirin may be fatal if taken in sufficient quantity. The syndrome of acute
salicylate overdose in children is characterized by:
A. marked hypothermia secondary to an antipyretic effect
B. fever
C. peripheral edema
D. disturbance in acid-base and electrolyte balance
1. A,B,C
2. A,C
3. B,D
4. D only
5. All of the aboveItem Number: 11217 correct answer: 3 category: Analgesics
27. Acetaminophen has been used as a safe and effective analgesic/ antipyretic
agent for over 80 years. Since it may be purchase without a prescription, it
is readily available and as such the recommended dose may be exceeded. The
primary toxicity leading to death from an acetaminophen overdose is:
1. papillary necrosis and chronic interstitial nephritis
2. pancytopenia
3. hepatocellular necrosis
4. myocarditis
5. hemolytic anemiaItem Number: 11645 correct answer: 4 category: Analgesics
28. The pharmacologic effects of morphine include all EXCEPT:
1. behavioral changes
2. miosis
3. respiratory depression
4. diarrhea
5. postural hypotension